2ndleading infectious killer in the world after HIV
1.5 million people died from TB in 2013
9 million people fell ill with TB in 2013
95% of TB deaths occur in LMIC’s
24% of world’s TB cases are reported in China while India reported 11% of the world’s TB cases. Half of the new TB cases occur in the South-East Asia and Western Pacific Regions. Africa carries the greatest proportion of new cases per population
MDG #6 to reverse the TB epidemic by 2015 has been achieved.
TB Mortality rate has decreased by 45% since 1990.
Challenges
TB is the leading killer of people living with HIV
Multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) & extensively drug resistant TB (XDR-TB) and co-infection are a growing problem making treatment more difficult.
4,80,000 people developed MDR-TB in 2013. 9% with MDR-TB have XDR-TB
Diagnostics
Diagnosing TB and MDR-TB remains a significant challenge
3 million person gap in global diagnosis of TB
Only 18% of the estimated global burden of MDR-TB have been detected
Long Treatment Regimen
Long treatment regimen is demanding and makes successful completion difficult to achieve
Interrupted treatment increases drug resistance
TB: 4 medicines over 6 months
MDR-TB: > 5 medicines over 18 – 24 months
Efforts of the research-based pharmaceutical industry to fight TB
3 new treatments approved between 2012 and 2014
50 R&D projects for medicines and vaccines in the pipeline (10 in late stages of development, 3 in phase III)
15 global health partnerships for innovative medicines and vaccines